Ammonia gas detection solution for the refrigeration industry chain

The accident of the liquid ammonia cold storage system gives us a painful lesson. The facts of blood and fire make people have to rationally re-recognize the substance of ammonia. Only when we correctly understand "ammonia" and have effective preventive measures, we will be "an" ". Inter Electric is committed to safety, environmental protection and health!
Safety accident
? Nanjimen cold storage for two consecutive ammonia leaks during the six months of February 08, 2012 was shut down
? On December 28, 2012, an ammonia leak occurred in Shengao Cold Storage, Jiyu Town, Jinxiang County.
? On April 1, 2013, an ammonia leak occurred in the cold storage workshop of Linyi County Jinyu Meat Products Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Dezhou Jinlu), and more than 40 employees were poisoned and hospitalized.
? On March 23, 2013, ammonia leak in a company in Jiangbei District, Ningbo City
? On April 17, 2013, a company's ammonia leak in Hainan Province...
? Explosion caused by the leakage of anhydrous ammonia (liquid ammonia) in the Texas Fertilizer Plant on April 17, 2013
On June 3, 2013, an explosion and fire caused by liquid ammonia leakage from Baoyuanfeng Poultry Processing Factory in Misha Town, Dehui City, Jilin Province, killed 120 people.
Analysis of Causes of Leakage Accidents in Ammonia Cold Storage System
1. due to aging of cold storage equipment;
2. Operation management has not been strengthened, its technical strength is weak and the workers who operate are negligent, and the ammonia of the parts and valves is aging;
3. System reliability and safety, accidents cause ammonia leakage from the system.
among them:
Equipment reason
• Leak at the valve. Usually, due to the looseness of the shaft of the valve, the airtightness is not good, and the ammonia gas leaks along the axis.
• Weld aging. After long-term use, the welds on some pipes are aged, causing ammonia leakage.
• Flange gaskets are aged. The equipment oil in the pipe tends to corrode the rubber gasket in the flange, causing the gasket to age and leak.
Operation reason
• The compressor cylinder head is open. Due to improper operation of the workers, liquid ammonia or equipment oil enters the compressor cylinder, causing excessive pressure in the cylinder, thereby causing a leak in the cylinder head. This is the reason for the recent leakage of ammonia in Changsha.
• When the stack collapses, the evaporator tube is damaged. Sometimes, due to the stacking of the stack, the ice is hardened and suddenly collapses, causing the evaporator tube to rupture and the gas to leak.
• The forklift dislodges the evaporator tube during loading and unloading. The forklift works in a cold storage room and sometimes accidentally cuts off the evaporation tube on the wall to cause a leak.
• The valve is accidentally closed, causing the pipe to burst. If the compressor is in normal operation and the valve from the compressor to the condenser is turned off, the pipe in this section will burst and leak will occur. This time, the cold storage ammonia leak accident in Shucheng County, Anhui Province was related to this. When the new valve was replaced, the operator mistakenly closed the valve, causing the compressor to lose control and causing leakage of ammonia in the cold storage.
Understanding of ammonia
? Ammonia, called "ammonia" in the gaseous state, the molecular formula is NH3, ammonia has a certain corrosive effect, the corrosiveness of carbonized ammonia water is more serious, and it is easy to cause damage to pipes, valves and other equipment, resulting in ammonia leakage.
? Ammonia can burn the mucous membranes of the skin, eyes and respiratory organs. If people inhale too much, it can cause lung swelling and even death.
? The ammonia explosion limit is 16 to 25% (the most easily ignited concentration is 17%).
? Ammonia gas is very soluble in water, 1 volume of water dissolves 700 volumes of ammonia (so there are spray equipment in safety devices).
Cold inventory security issues
• Traditional detectors cannot be used. Traditional fire detectors are not suitable for installation inside the cold storage. Because the internal temperature of the cold storage is too low, the detector may be frosted or malfunction.
• Many fire hazards, electrical or mechanical failures such as refrigeration equipment, cargo transmission equipment, lighting equipment, polystyrene foam insulation materials, plastic packaging materials, and wooden pallets are flooded inside the cold storage. The temperature in the cold storage is very low, which causes the plastic outer skin of the cable to become brittle and easily broken, which further causes the line to be short-circuited and burned, and the air in the cold storage is abnormally dry, and the combustion is very rapid after the fire.
The fire extinguishes the difficulty. The internal space of the cold storage is closed for a long time. The fire spreads along the insulation material. The internal space is large and there are many shelves. It is difficult for the water gun to cool the fire.
Special reminder: In order to ensure the safety of the cold storage, please design in strict accordance with the relevant regulations "GB50072-2010 Cold Storage Design Code".
Cold storage safety hazard solution - ammonia alarm application
? The ammonia leak alarm is mainly located in the compressor, liquid ammonia storage area, and liquid ammonia gasification area.
? Liquid ammonia storage station, including discharge compressor, ammonia storage tank, liquid ammonia supply pump, liquid ammonia evaporation tank, ammonia buffer tank (regulating tank), ammonia dilution tank and other equipment.
? Install ammonia leak alarm in ammonia storage tank, liquid ammonia supply pump, liquid ammonia evaporation tank, ammonia buffer tank (regulating tank), ammonia dilution tank, etc.
? Especially for liquid ammonia storage tanks, ammonia leak alarms and sprinklers are required.

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