Recently, a research team at the University of Southern California used bioluminescent proteins isolated from jellyfish to illuminate the interior of the neuron and took a video to reveal the protein's indoor movement in the nerve cell area. Directionally through the process of neuron and brain reconstruction. Related papers were recently published in the journal "Cell? Report".
There are two types of neuronal compartments: axon and dendrite. Axons are areas responsible for transmitting electrical signals to other neurons, while dendrites are areas that receive signals from other neurons. The lead author of the thesis, Ph.D. student of the University of Southern California, Samander Albasam, said: "People know that proteins have a specific orientation for more than ten years, and they can only enter one of the compartments. But it is not known whether this orientation is How did it happen, until we witnessed how they moved to one of the compartments. "
In the mid-1990s, scientists isolated green fluorescent protein (GFP) from jellyfish. When GFP is exposed to blue light, it emits bright green fluorescence. Labeling with GFP allows people to see proteins inside cells and neurons. But because there are many different and overlapping paths in neurons, it has not been possible to see the flow of proteins inside neurons.
Albasam and colleagues have developed a new technology that allows people to further see how proteins are directed into one of the two compartments. By blocking a single path, they accumulate GFP-filled transport bubbles. A transport bubble is a small bubble that carries membrane proteins and can move up and down in nerve cells. Then use a small molecule drug to make these accumulated luminous transport bubbles suddenly released under a strong light pulse. Corresponding author of the paper, Dorn Arnold, Associate Professor of Molecular and Computational Biology at the University of Southern California ’s Don Saif College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, explained: "The results are very surprising. We found that the transport bubbles carrying membrane proteins should enter the dendrites. The dendritic compartment was targeted at the beginning, but both compartments entered. But those who entered the axon compartment soon stopped and were prevented from further penetration. "
Protein is the basic building material that makes up the brain. "The human brain is constantly breaking down and rebuilding every day. After a week from today, the proteins that make up the brain will be completely different from today." Arnold said, "This video shows the process of brain reconstruction. Previously we just knew This process now really sees this scene. "
US uses biological fluorescent protein to observe the protein movement process in neurons
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