Despite the wide variety of flowmeters, the measurement principle is the same. The accuracy of the measured flow rate is not only related to the accuracy of the flowmeter itself, but also to its installation position. The ideal installation position of the flowmeter is that the flow state of the upstream and downstream fluids is single-phase stable Flow, so that the influence of the local resistance pipe upstream and downstream of the flowmeter on the fluid flow state does not directly affect the measurement accuracy of the flowmeter.
To put it simply, the fluid must form a typical flow velocity distribution (laminar flow velocity distribution and turbulent flow velocity distribution) in a circular pipe in order to use a mature mathematical model for calculation and accurate measurement. However, this typical flow velocity distribution must be formed by fully developed flow in the pipe, that is, it can be formed by a straight pipe section that is long enough. However, if the fluid flows through the spoilers (elbows, tees, valves, etc.), the velocity distribution will be distorted and vortices will be generated. In this case, the fluid will become an insufficiently developed pipe flow. A cross-section is different and changes at any time. Only at the end of a long straight pipe section or after the installation of a rectifier can the flow velocity distribution be restored to a fully developed pipe flow, which is the fundamental reason why many flowmeters require a sufficiently long straight pipe section.
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