With the development of society and changes in diet structure, people's favor for fine diets has become more and more serious, and it has been specifically expressed in children's diets. More and more nutrients and health products are widely used in children. It leads to maladjustment of children's nutrition balance, which affects children's health and development. Trace elements are an important factor for maintaining growth and development, and play an important role in the growth and development of children. The lack, excessiveness or imbalance of trace elements will cause a series of physiological and pathological reactions in the human body, anorexia, picky eating, growth retardation, immunity Insufficient functions, etc., can cause various diseases when severe. According to clinical data, the incidence of 5-year-old children due to iron deficiency anemia in children in China exceeds 25%. Therefore, comprehensively understand the content of trace elements in children, ensure intake, and achieve early detection, early prevention, and early treatment for children lacking trace elements [more details]
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[Text content]: With the development of society and changes in diet structure, people ’s favor of fine diets is becoming more and more serious, and it has been specifically expressed in children ’s diets. More and more nutrients and health products are in Widely used in children, it leads to malnutrition of children's nutrition balance, which affects children's health and development. Trace elements are an important factor for maintaining growth and development, and play an important role in the growth and development of children. The lack, excessiveness or imbalance of trace elements will cause a series of physiological and pathological reactions in the human body, anorexia, picky eating, growth retardation, immunity Insufficient functions, etc., can cause various diseases when severe. According to clinical data, the incidence of 5-year-old children due to iron deficiency anemia in children in China exceeds 25%. Therefore, it is of great significance to comprehensively understand the content of trace elements in children and ensure their intake. It is important for children who lack trace elements to find, prevent, and treat early, reduce the occurrence of diseases, and ensure the healthy growth of children. The study reported the trace elements in 1366 children undergoing physical examination as follows.
1. Materials and methods
1.1 General information From June 2010 to March 2011, 1366 children, 708 males and 658 females, underwent physical examination at Changchun Children's Hospital, aged from 3 months to 6 years, average (3.7 ± 0.9) years. Among them, 237 cases were 3 months to 1 year old, 508 cases were 1 to 3 years old, and 621 cases were 3 to 6 years old. There were 69 cases of partial eclipse and anorexia, 101 cases of chronic diarrhea, 88 cases of anemia, and 378 cases of repeated respiratory infections. All children are monitored for trace elements in blood, including copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and iron (Fe). The children did not take nutrients before the physical examination And supplements.
1.2 Testing methods Evaluate the physical development of all children and ask about their status. Take 20μl of peripheral blood into a polyethylene plastic tube filled with 1ml whole blood diluent, close the cap tightly, shake well, use BH-5100 atomic absorption spectrometer produced by Beijing Bohui Innovation Optoelectronic Technology Service Co., Ltd., and detect iron at the same time , Zinc, calcium, copper, magnesium 5 elements, strictly in accordance with the requirements of the instrument for testing.
2. Results
2.1 The detection results of the average content of trace elements in various age groups 3 months to 1 year old children are mainly lack of iron and zinc, followed by 1 to 3 years old, 3 to 6 years old; 3 to 6 years old children are mainly lack of calcium content , Followed by 1 to 3 years old, 3 months to 1 year old; copper and magnesium are in the normal range. See Table 1.
2.2 The deficiency of trace elements in children of all ages The total trace element deficiency rate of children aged 3 to 6 years was 60.2%, the total deficiency rate of children aged 1 to 3 years was 29.1%, and the total deficiency rate of children aged 3 months to 1 year was 40.4%. The difference between the segments was statistically significant (P <0.05). See Table 2.
3 Discussion
The determination of trace elements has become an important inspection index for evaluating children's physical conditions and disease occurrence. With the continuous improvement of life and the change of fine eating habits, the level of trace elements is reduced when children are anorexic, partial eclipse or insufficient nutrition supply. According to clinical research, there is a positive correlation between the immune function of the body and trace elements and other substances. The lack of trace elements in the body can weaken the immune function, reduce the ability to resist disease, and promote the occurrence of diseases caused by bacterial infections. Therefore, it is necessary to detect trace elements in children.
Zinc is one of the trace elements necessary for human growth and immune regulation. It plays an extremely important role in the body's metabolism, growth and development, and tissue repair processes, and can enhance the phagocytic capacity, trending vitality and bactericidal function of phagocytes; and The development of the immune system and the maintenance of normal immune function play an important role, which can slow down DNA replication, and inhibit the proliferation and differentiation of cells. The lymphocyte transformation rate is significantly reduced, and the cellular immunity is low, resulting in repeated attacks of the disease. Iron is mainly involved in protein and enzyme synthesis, energy metabolism and hematopoiesis. Patients with iron deficiency may experience decreased resistance and repeated infections. Calcium is the most needed element of the human body, it can enhance the tracheal and bronchial cilia movement to enhance the function of airway clearance, it can also strengthen bones, maintain muscle nerve excitement, and prevent the occurrence of rickets and tetany. The data of this group showed that the total trace element deficiency rates of the three age groups were 40.4%, 29.1%, and 60.2%. This result showed that the 3-6 year old children had the highest trace element deficiency, which directly affected the development and health of children. Therefore, trace element detection has very important clinical significance in stabilizing and protecting the growth and development of children, preventing and controlling diseases.
In summary, the lack of trace elements is an important factor that affects the healthy growth of children. In the diet, attention should be paid to promote scientific and reasonable feeding, prevent partial eclipse, anorexia and fine food, and ensure the intake of various substances and trace elements, different It is of great significance to add different nutrients during the period to provide comprehensive and balanced nutrition to ensure the healthy development and growth of children.
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