In today's era of rapid technological advancement, modern warfare demands more sophisticated and efficient weaponry. Traditional single-function weapons are no longer sufficient to meet the complex requirements of contemporary combat. As a result, there is an urgent need for new types of weapons that offer greater lethality, higher precision, and faster response times. This has led to the development of advanced fire control systems that require fast and accurate information transmission, especially from the fire control system to the naval gun's ammunition fuze. Based on an analysis of current domestic and international technologies, this paper presents a novel RFID-based wireless setting system design. The system enables the transmission of set information through the coordination of a reader, transponder chip, and transmitting/receiving antennas controlled by a setter and a microcontroller.
1. Wireless Setting System Model
A wireless setting system functions as a communication channel for data transfer, which can be modeled as a typical digital communication system. As illustrated in Figure 1, the model consists of three key components: the information source, the digital channel, and the receiver. In this context, the source includes both the information generator and the source code, which encodes the input signal. The digital channel encompasses processes such as channel coding, digital modulation, inductive coupling, demodulation, and decoding. The receiver, which is the target of the entire setup process, ensures that the information is transmitted without distortion.
2. Setup Technology Analysis
Through the analysis of various existing fixed systems, it becomes clear that designing a wireless setting system requires solving two critical technologies.
(1) Wireless Communication Technology: The communication between the setter and the microcontroller (MCU) must follow a specific protocol. This involves selecting appropriate data encoding, modulation, and demodulation methods, along with error detection techniques. The system uses NRZ coding for its high speed, accuracy, and strong anti-interference capability. To ensure reliable data transmission, 2FSK modulation and non-coherent demodulation are employed. Additionally, a CRC check is integrated into the RFID system to verify the integrity of the received data. If the CRC check passes, “CRC OK!†is displayed; otherwise, “CRC Failed!†appears.
(2) Wireless Power Supply Technology: According to RFID principles, the energy between the setter and the receiving module is divided into two parts: one for communication between the transponder and the reader, and the other for powering the receiving device. While the reader provides power for communication, the receiving module must be powered wirelessly. This poses a unique challenge, particularly during the pre-launch phase when the projectile fuze is passive. A dedicated wireless power supply module was designed to address this issue.
3. Overall Structural Design of the System
The wireless setting system comprises a wireless communication module and a wireless power supply module. The communication module utilizes RFID technology for electromagnetic induction-based data transmission, while the power supply module employs Zigbee principles to transmit energy via electromagnetic waves. The system uses TI’s MSP430F249 and MSP430F2274 microcontrollers as the core control units for the setter and the receiving device, respectively. Full-duplex communication between the fire control system and the setter is achieved using an RS422 bus.
4. Wireless Power Supply Module Design
To enhance communication stability and reduce transmission time, the system incorporates a wireless power supply module. As shown in Figure 3, this module uses electromagnetic wave energy for power delivery. The microcontroller controls the transmitter via the SPI interface, continuously sending electromagnetic waves. The receiving module converts these waves into voltage to power the entire system.
5. System Simulation Analysis
To facilitate debugging, this paper developed a simulation software using VC to mimic the fire control system’s commands. The software allows users to send commands to the reader microcontroller, enabling testing of the entire setup process. After receiving data, the MCU reads the transponder, sends the data back, and displays it through the simulation software. This ensures the system operates reliably under simulated conditions.
5.1 Serial Port Settings
Users can configure the serial port settings through the menu bar, selecting COM2, a baud rate of 9600 bps, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, and no parity. Timing send operations can also be configured.
5.2 Wireless Communication / Test Section
The wireless communication section allows users to test the connection between the reader and transponder. By clicking “Connect,†users can verify if the setup is functioning correctly. If “CRC OK!†is displayed, the device is within range and ready for setup. Users can then send data through the “Send Data†option.
5.3 System Simulation Interface
Figure 4 shows the interface during the setup process. The system sends 17 bytes of data, including start, length, command, charging time, RF transmission, address, data, CRC, LRC, and stop bytes. The receiving end confirms the successful transmission, demonstrating the system’s reliability.
6. Conclusion
This paper presents a detailed design of an RFID-based wireless setting system, covering the overall structure, wireless power supply module, and simulation debugging software. Although the final engineering tests are pending, joint debugging with the client has confirmed that the system is fully functional, reliable, and stable. The system meets the required standards and is ready for further development.
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